G.Beekmans. "Linux From Scratch", Version 6.7, 2010. 6.56. Sysvinit-2.88dsf

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6.56. Sysvinit-2.88dsf

The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup, running, and shutdown of the system.

Approximate build time: less than 0.1 SBU

Required disk space: 1 MB

6.56.1. Installation of Sysvinit

When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the system), init sends termination signals to those processes that init itself started and that should not be running in the new run-level. While doing this, init outputs messages like “Sending processes the TERM signal” which seem to imply that it is sending these signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like “Sending processes configured via /etc/inittab the TERM signal” instead:

sed -i 's@Sending processes@& configured via /etc/inittab@g' \
    src/init.c

A maintained version of the wall program was installed earlier by Util-linux-ng. Suppress the installation of Sysvinit's version of this program and its man page:

sed -i -e 's/utmpdump wall/utmpdump/' \
       -e 's/mountpoint.1 wall.1/mountpoint.1/' src/Makefile

Compile the package:

make -C src

This package does not come with a test suite.

Install the package:

make -C src install

6.56.2. Configuring Sysvinit

Create a new file /etc/inittab by running the following:

cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/inittab

id:3:initdefault:

si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit

l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6

ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now

su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin

1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty1 9600
2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty2 9600
3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty3 9600
4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty4 9600
5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty5 9600
6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty6 9600

# End /etc/inittab
EOF

6.56.3. Contents of Sysvinit

Installed programs: bootlogd, fstab-decode, halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg, mountpoint, pidof (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt), reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit (link to init), and utmpdump

Short Descriptions

bootlogd	Logs boot messages to a log file
fstab-decode	Run a command with fstab-encoded arguments
halt	Normally invokes shutdown with the `-h` option, except when already in run-level 0, then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the file `/var/log/wtmp` that the system is being brought down
init	The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the proceses it is instructed to
killall5	Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called it
last	Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back through the `/var/log/wtmp` file; it also shows system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes
lastb	Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in `/var/log/btmp`
mesg	Controls whether other users can send messages to the current user's terminal
mountpoint	Checks if the directory is a mountpoint
pidof	Reports the PIDs of the given programs
poweroff	Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer (see halt)
reboot	Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see halt)
runlevel	Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the last run-level record in `/var/run/utmp`
shutdown	Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes and notifying all logged-in users
sulogin	Allows `root` to log in; it is normally invoked by init when the system goes into single user mode
telinit	Tells init which run-level to change to
utmpdump	Displays the content of the given login file in a more user-friendly format