Библиотека сайта rus-linux.net
Glossary
A
- a2ps
Format files for printing on a PostScript printer.
- acroread
PDF viewer.
- adduser
Create a new user or update default new user information.
- alias
Create a shell alias for a command.
- anacron
Execute commands periodically, does not assume continuously running machine.
- apropos
Search the whatis database for strings.
- apt-get
APT package handling utility.
- aspell
Spell checker.
- at, atq, atrm
Queue, examine or delete jobs for later execution.
- aumix
Adjust audio mixer.
- (g)awk
Pattern scanning and processing language.
C
- cat
Concatenate files and print to standard output.
- cd
Change directory.
- cdp/cdplay
An interactive text-mode program for controlling and playing audio CD Roms under Linux.
- cdparanoia
An audio CD reading utility which includes extra data verification features.
- cdrecord
Record a CD-R.
- chattr
Change file attributes.
- chgrp
Change group ownership.
- chkconfig
Update or query run level information for system services.
- chmod
Change file access permissions.
- chown
Change file owner and group.
- compress
Compress files.
- cp
Copy files and directories.
- crontab
Maintain crontab files.
- csh
Open a C shell.
- cut
Remove sections from each line of file(s).
F
- fax2ps
Convert a TIFF facsimile to PostScript.
- fdformat
Format floppy disk.
- fdisk
Partition table manipulator for Linux.
- fetchmail
Fetch mail from a POP, IMAP, ETRN or ODMR-capable server.
- fg
Bring a job in the foreground.
- file
Determine file type.
- find
Find files.
- formail
Mail (re)formatter.
- fortune
Print a random, hopefully interesting adage.
- ftp
Transfer files (unsafe unless anonymous account is used!)services.
I
- id
Print real and effective UIDs and GIDs.
- ifconfig
Configure network interface or show configuration.
- info
Read Info documents.
- init
Process control initialization.
- iostat
Display I/O statistics.
- ip
Display/change network interface status.
- ipchains
IP firewall administration.
- iptables
IP packet filter administration.
L
- ldapmodify
Modify an LDAP entry.
- ldapsearch
LDAP search tool.
- less
more with features.
- lilo
Linux boot loader.
- links
Text mode WWW browser.
- ln
Make links between files.
- loadkeys
Load keyboard translation tables.
- locate
Find files.
- logout
Close current shell.
- lp
Send requests to the LP print service.
- lpc
Line printer control program.
- lpq
Print spool queue examination program.
- lpr
Offline print.
- lprm
Remove print requests.
- ls
List directory content.
- lynx
Text mode WWW browser.
M
Send and receive mail.
- man
Read man pages.
- mcopy
Copy MSDOS files to/from Unix.
- mdir
Display an MSDOS directory.
- memusage
Display memory usage.
- memusagestat
Display memory usage statistics.
- mesg
Control write access to your terminal.
- mformat
Add an MSDOS file system to a low-level formatted floppy disk.
- mkbootdisk
Creates a stand-alone boot floppy for the running system.
- mkdir
Create directory.
- mkisofs
Create a hybrid ISO9660 filesystem.
- more
Filter for displaying text one screen at the time.
- mount
Mount a file system or display information about mounted file systems.
- mozilla
Web browser.
- mt
Control magnetic tape drive operation.
- mtr
Network diagnostic tool.
- mv
Rename files.
N
- named
Internet domain name server.
- ncftp
Browser program for ftp services (insecure!).
- netstat
Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multi-cast memberships.
- nfsstat
Print statistics about networked file systems.
- nice
Run a program with modified scheduling priority.
- nmap
Network exploration tool and security scanner.
- ntsysv
Simple interface for configuring run levels.
P
- passwd
Change password.
- pdf2ps
Ghostscript PDF to PostScript translator.
- perl
Practical Extraction and Report Language.
- pg
Page through text output.
- ping
Send echo request to a host.
- pr
Convert text files for printing.
- printenv
Print all or part of environment.
- procmail
Autonomous mail processor.
- ps
Report process status.
- pstree
Display a tree of processes.
- pwd
Print present working directory.
R
- rcp
Remote copy (unsafe!)
- rdesktop
Remote Desktop Protocol client.
- reboot
Stop and restart the system.
- renice
Alter priority of a running process.
- rlogin
Remote login (telnet, insecure!).
- rm
Remove a file.
- rmdir
Remove a directory.
- roff
A survey of the roff typesetting system.
- rpm
RPM Package Manager.
- rsh
Remote shell (insecure!).
S
- scp
Secure remote copy.
- screen
Screen manager with VT100 emulation.
- set
Display, set or change variable.
- setterm
Set terminal attributes.
- sftp
Secure (encrypted) ftp.
- sh
Open a standard shell.
- shutdown
Bring the system down.
- sleep
Wait for a given period.
- slocate
Security Enhanced version of the GNU Locate.
- slrnn
text mode Usenet client.
- snort
Network intrusion detection tool.
- sort
Sort lines of text files.
- ssh
Secure shell.
- ssh-keygen
Authentication key generation.
- stty
Change and print terminal line settings.
- su
Switch user.
T
- tac
Concatenate and print files in reverse.
- tail
Output the last part of files.
- talk
Talk to a user.
- tar
Archiving utility.
- tcsh
Open a Turbo C shell.
- telnet
User interface to the TELNET protocol (insecure!).
- tex
Text formatting and typesetting.
- time
Time a simple command or give resource usage.
- tin
News reading program.
- top
Display top CPU processes.
- touch
Change file timestamps.
- traceroute
Print the route packets take to network host.
- tripwire
A file integrity checker for UNIX systems.
- troff
Format documents.
- twm
Tab Window Manager for the X Window System.
U
- ulimit
Controll resources.
- umask
Set user file creation mask.
- umount
Unmount a file system.
- uncompress
Decompress compressed files.
- uniq
Remove duplicate lines from a sorted file.
- update
Kernel daemon to flush dirty buffers back to disk.
- uptime
Display system uptime and average load.
- userdel
Delete a user account and related files.
W
- w
Show who is logged on and what they are doing.
- wall
Send a message to everybody's terminal.
- wc
Print the number of bytes, words and lines in files.
- which
Shows the full path of (shell) commands.
- who
Show who is logged on.
- who am i
Print effective user ID.
- whois
Query a whois or nicname database.
- write
Send a message to another user.
X
- xauth
X authority file utility.
- xcdroast
Graphical front end to cdrecord.
- xclock
Analog/digital clock for X.
- xconsole
Monitor system console messages with X.
- xdm
X Display Manager with support for XDMCP, host chooser.
- xdvi
DVI viewer.
- xfs
X font server.
- xhost
Server access control program for X
- xinetd
The extended Internet services daemon.
- xload
System load average display for X.
- xlsfonts
Server font list displayer for X.
- xmms
Audio player for X.
- xpdf
PDF viewer.
- xterm
Terminal emulator for X.